Friday, 9 August 2013

WHTA IS GOSPEL MUSIC



G

ospel music is a music genre. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace.

Gospel music in general is characterized by dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) referencing lyrics of a Christian nature. Subgenres include contemporary gospel, urban contemporary gospel (sometimes referred to as "black gospel"), Southern gospel, and modern gospel music (now more commonly known as praise and worship music or contemporary Christian music). Several forms of gospel music utilize choirs, use piano or Hammond organ, drums, bass guitar and, increasingly, electric guitar. In comparison with hymns, which are generally of a statelier measure, the gospel song is expected to have a refrain and often a more syncopated rhythm.

Many attempts have been made to describe the style of late 19th and early 20th century gospel songs in general. Christ-Janer, et al. said "the music was tuneful and easy to grasp . . . rudimentary harmonies . . . use of the chorus . . . varied metric schemes . . . motor rhythms were characteristic. . . . The device of letting the lower parts echo rhythmically a motive announced by the sopranos became a mannerism . . ."[1]

Patrick and Sydnor emphasize the notion that gospel music is "sentimental", quoting Sankey as saying, "Before I sing I must feel", and they call attention to the comparison of the original version of Rowley’s "I Will Sing the Wondrous Story" with Sankey's version.[2] Gold said, "Essentially the gospel songs are songs of testimony, persuasion, religious exhortation, or warning. Usually the chorus or refrain technique is found

Gospel music is music that is written to express either personal, spiritual or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as believe in the Gospel of Jesus Christ. 

ROOTS AND BACKGROUND OF GOSPEL MUSIC

O

ne can pursue the roots of gospel music through the academic discipline of ethno-musicology (going back to Europe and Africa), through a study of the 2,000-year history of church music, and through a study of rural folk music traditions. When it comes to the African American experience, gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century.[4]

Coming out of an oral tradition, gospel music typically utilizes a great deal of repetition. This is a device to promote group participation.[citation needed] And the repetition of the words allowed those who could not read the opportunity to participate in worship. During this time, hymns and sacred songs were lined and repeated in a call and response fashion, and the Negro spirituals and work songs emerged. Due to the enslaved Africans attending their masters’ worship services, the 17th-century influences on Negro spirituals and work songs were the traditional hymns which the enslaved had heard in worship services. Worship services served several purposes; not only were they a means by which the Africans could be monitored, but they also served as a reinforcement of the slavery indoctrination.[citation needed]

Quite often, readings were from the Apostle Paul's writings which outlined being good servants and loving, obeying, and trusting one’s master. At this time it was also illegal for more than a handful of blacks to congregate without supervision. This meant that the black people were not free to worship on their own and had to attend worship services with their master. At these services, their understanding of Christian doctrine grew, and music played a role in that experience. The worship music (hymns) of the whites became the backdrop for the music that the enslaved Africans would use at their eventual worship meetings.[citation needed]

Most of the churches did not have musical instruments to use. There would be guitars and tambourines available every now and then, but not frequently. There were not regular church choirs that existed at this time, and they did not use a piano very often. Most of the singing was done a cappella

 

Thursday, 8 August 2013

SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN MY PLACE OF WORK.



Chika Oduah, a journalist based in Abuja, shares an account of her sexual harassment in her former workplace. Find it below..

I got a job in New York City a few years ago. I was new to the American North; I still reeked of the South. Pillsbury biscuits, Georgian peaches and Jiffy cornbread with a dollop of Daisy. Chick-Fil-A, Bojangles’ and Piggly Wiggly. I was a Southern American, in many ways. Cheerful, trusting, polite, Bible-wielding, slow-talkin’, Southern. South of the Potomac, East of the Mississippi. Paisley print blouses, plastic sunflowers hot glued on Payless Shoes open-toe rubber sandals. But I was all right, I guess. Perhaps a bit wide-eyed, gap-tooth grinning, but I was all right.

The job was with a news media outfit that covers Africa and the affairs of the black Diaspora. It was fashionable, in every sense, that media company. Funded by big-name multinationals, Third World saviors, it sought to tackle malfeasance and corruption with heavy handed, not always credible citizen reportage. The company had made its name among particular Westerners and Fela-loving expatriate Africans, students of the school of thought that says African governments need a total sociopolitical upheaval to weed out the kleptocrats before anything substantial can be planted, plug in the former student union grassroots activists who give a care about the proletariat, slum dwellers, retired civil servants, and unemployed twenty somethings. A single-handed crusade propelled by American dollars and mercenary Africaphiles, this media company had recruited a handful of passionate, impressionable youngsters with a compelling allegiance to Africa. Aluta Continua! Help the motherland. We thought, or at least I did.

 So I went to work. My title was a new one. Within that role, I initiated new projects, helped revive slumbering ventures, planned and promoted the awesomeness of the company — what we were doing and where we hoped to go. I tuned in, excited about every single part of the job. Everything seemed fine in the beginning.

I went out with the boss one evening to hang out after work. I was still new to the North, still new to the city. A Nigerian immigrant in his early 40s, the boss had a hip rugged fashion aesthetic, quintessentially urban: distressed brown jackets and boots, a hefty brown backpack. He was the rebel with a cause, a card-carrying activist. Encrusted in the syrupy coos of his admirers, he has fans on both sides of the Atlantic. He was charisma defined.

He’d been nice to me thus far, a listening ear for my Southerner’s rants and observations on northern culture. We walked around the street corner to a swanky new spot with a shiny glass exterior and perfumed-scented, dimly lit interior. Good living people in stiletto pumps and crisp blazers, leather and lace, hung there. He led me to a couch in the corner where we sat down. I don’t drink, so I didn’t order. We chit chatted pleasantly about school, guys, Africa, Nigerians, our past, our future.

When we get up to leave, he grabs my waist. He pulls me to his chest. He leans in for a kiss. My stunned mind stops thinking. It shuts down; I hurry to turn it back on. Easy, Chika. Don’t embarrass the man. Take it easy. I slide out of his arms with a surprising calm. I’m just not interested. I say his name for effect. It works. He gets the point, yet the perplexity in his eyes remains. I never bring it up. It’s like it never happened. It never happened again.

 As time goes on, I grew in confidence at work as I befriended my fellow colleagues and further solidified my commitment to “the Africa cause” and to excel in my job performance. I began expressing my opinions about the way things were done, and offering suggestions on how I thought we could improve in production quality and efficiency. The boss welcomed the suggestions, in the beginning, but only to a certain extent.

Time after time, I begin to notice a pattern: he seemed to have issues with women, especially expressive women with a backbone.

“She’s arrogant,” he would often say with a sneer and a dismissive shrug whenever I would mention names of high-profile successful women I admired. Whether it was author Chimamanda Adichie, or a well-known female journalist, or a female politician, it seemed all successful women were inherently arrogant to him.

Eventually, my efforts at work never seem good enough. The boss is known to be hot-tempered and I was often on the receiving end of his sarcastic remarks, his angst, his frustration, and disapproval. Any gaps from my colleagues, anything they failed to do, it was usually my fault. I was the office scapegoat. Some of my colleagues noticed this. They’d throw me sympathetic glances or they’d simply try to ignore the situation and keep their eyes glued to their computer screens. After such occurred not once or twice or thrice but on multiple instances, I soon became aware of the hierarchy. My male colleagues seldom received the boss’s butchering complaints. I’d arrive to work and the boss would remain silent to my greetings. My male colleagues would arrive and the boss would say hey what’s up man and crack jokes with them and have a jolly good time. He had a propensity to engage in sex jokes with my male colleagues, the kind of lewd comedy high school boys often entertain.

My female colleagues usually fulfilled the boss’s wishes without much objection, but on the whole, it looked to me like the guys were coasting.
 
In my role at work, I was frequently undermined. He’d constantly override decisions I had already made with his prior authorization. He’d demean my work in the presence of others. He’d sometimes shut down my attempts to join the staff in their friendly, office banter. He rarely expressed gratitude about my initiatives and strategies that were clearly having a positive effect on the company.

“Do you really think you’re directing anything?” A colleague once asked me.

The situation deteriorated. I pushed myself harder, completing massive amounts of work by staying late into the night when everyone else had gone home. Graveyard shifting, early mornings. He began shouting at me in the workplace in front of my colleagues. My cheerful, trusting, polite, Bible-wielding, slow-talkin’, Southern mannerisms were dissipating. The city was taking its toll on me. I felt like discarded mush. I planned my exit. Looked for another job.

One day he called me to meet him in the office. In the meeting, he said the company is losing money, said he had to let me go. Though I was the one who was suddenly unemployed, it was his emotions and composure that began to unravel as I fought to keep the work I had produced – works that were mine. The payment I was promised because I was not given notice of my termination in advance, he didn’t pay me anywhere near half of it. He lied and said I was never even employed, said I was just a contractor, a freelancer or something like that. My work agreement had conveniently disappeared from where I had placed it inside my work desk months ago. The intervention meeting we were supposed to have where we were supposed to present our cases before two or three mediators, well, that was conveniently cancelled. A male colleague and a prominent columnist with the company intervened, but nothing much came out of it. Perhaps, they – both guys – ended up siding with the boss.

Because the boss had already depicted me as “one of those” power-hungry, erratic, opinionated, overly assertive, selfish girls, one who eagerly challenged his authority. That false image suited his chauvinistic motives.

“You like attention,” he once told me.

Wrong. I’m actually as shy as a kiwi bird.

“You’re a career woman,” he once told me. It came out as a judgmental scoff. He’s a career man himself, but because it’s more socially acceptable for men to devote much time and energy to their professional lives, the term “career man” is seldom used.

In the workplace, women often work twice as hard as their male colleagues, yet still face the brunt of disapproval when things don’t go right, while male colleagues seem to get by. We put in overtime – a 2013 study from the Ponemon Institute revealed that women employees “work harder and longer” than men do. Another 2013 study from Edith Cowan University and the University of New England found that “women experience more rude and disrespectful behavior in the workplace, but they tolerated it more.”  We continuously strive to be on the good side of the boss. Women seem to always be compensating for something. Their womanhood?

Most of the women who worked at that company hardly objected or posed a challenge to my former boss’s sugarcoated slurs and sly insolence. But I had an opinion and I voiced it. My opinions, my free-willed spirit and intolerance for nonsense cost me my job… for that I am grateful.

My former boss’s attitude toward women is not unique.

I had a conversation with a gentleman here in Nigeria who said women in positions of power always become over-bearing, whereas men know how to handle leadership and success with humility.

“It gets to their heads,” he said of women in management roles.

Looking back, I realize that my experience at that New York City-based media company was not atypical. I wrote this piece “It Happened To Me” bolstered by the courage I summoned immediately after reading a blog post a few days ago (read here) entitled “The White Savior Industrial Complex & Sexual Harassment of African Female Aid Workers” by Lesley Agams. Agams vividly describes an assault by a male colleague while working as the Nigeria country director for the renown Oxfam GB. After the assault, the man in question handed her a contract termination letter. Many of my fellow women have confided in me, sharing harrowing real-life tales of near-rape incidents in the workplace, cases where they were told to sleep with the boss to get a promotion, and aggressive intimidation by male supervisors.

And it’s not only the overtly patriarchal, “man-is-the-head” types who are committing this abuse.

It’s also the hash-tagging, progressive, left-winged liberals garbed in trendy activist attire: thick soled boots and dashikis, plaid button-downs and worn blue jeans with worn sneakers, or cropped blazers over cotton shirts without neckties. These activists are too often propped up in a righteous spotlight. They march on as darlings of the revolution, unexamined. Their act-ivism is unstoppable… their acts, unstoppable.

I met one of these young self-titled human rights activist types. He was among those arrested for protesting during the 2012 Occupy Nigeria rallies. This guy picks and chooses his causes and apparently the advancement of women is not one of them. In his mind, women’s rights are not important enough. After I voiced my opposition to his foul groping and leering sexual advances on me, he told me “women’s rights are not human rights.”

Even the Pan-African activist revolutionary himself, Fela Kuti once sang, “When I say woman na mattress I no lie.”

Confiding in others about incidents of workplace harassment and intimidation often backfires. Some employees get terminated. Others stay in those toxic work environments after they are made to doubt their own perceptions.

Relax, calm down, maybe it’s your imagination, it’s no big deal, maybe you’re just stressed out, well you know you’re very pretty, he didn’t mean it that way, dress more conservatively, forget about it, maybe you led him on, well… ignore it, just pray about it, you can be very emotional, you’re being dramatic, um…stop working late hours in the office, say no next time, these things happen, you’re overreacting, are you sure?

Yes, I am sure.

Harassment is still harassment whether in the form of intimidation in the workplace, sexual propositions or subtle or obvious oppression.

In his 1,621-word editorial, (which you can read here) Los Angeles-based social commentator Yashar Ali compares the emotional manipulation and harassment of women to gaslighting, a coined term referencing the 1944 feature movie in which Charles Boyer’s character employs wily strategies to make his wife, played by Ingrid Bergman, believe she is crazy. Off the Hollywood production sets, real life is full of cases where women, distressed in the workplace, keep quiet for fear of being labeled troublesome. Or crazy. They allow perpetrators to go free, especially when the perpetrator is a popular man.

If we share our experiences collectively, we can break down the wall of silence.

It’s time to tell our stories.
 
 
 
 
 


Tuesday, 6 August 2013

NOTHING IS IMPOSIBLE



NOTHING IS IMPOSIBLE

-       It is not impossible for God to keep you alive (24/7), (52wks) and (365days).

-       It is not impossible for God provide all your needs and for your entire house-hold.

-       It is not impossible for God to remain your only source.

-       It is not impossible for God to heal you of whatever disease or ailment that is afflicting and tormenting your life.

-       It is not impossible for God to keep you and your house-hold in divine health.

-       It is not impossible to keep you in all your journeys of life and also to and fro on daily basis.

-       It is not impossible for God to fight all your battle, kill all your enemies and give you a victory.

-       It is not impossible for God to make your children to remain for signs and wonders.

-       It is not impossible for God to wipe away all your tears and keep sorrows and calamities away from you.

-       It is not impossible for God to help you actualize your dreams and give you a desired future.

-       It is not impossible for God to keep you in your present job and still give you a far and better job that will change your life and future forever.

-       It is not impossible for God to keep you and your family till the coming of the Lord

If all the above are dear to God’s heart to give to you and to do even more; then it should not be impossible for you seek this God first in all you do, it should not also be impossible for you to make up your mind to live your life for Him.

It is not everything in life you pray and fast for, some only need you to take a firm decision about your stand with this GREAT and AWESOME God.

MAKE UP YOU MIND TO LIVE RIGHT FOR HIM ALL THE DAYS OF YOUR LIVES.

Monday, 29 July 2013

LESSON IN LEADERSHIP ACCORDING TO 1KINGS


There is no Success without a successor, and to actually claim that you are a leader and you have succeeded in whatever capacity you find yourself, then hear these:

ü Decision making and problem solving is the fastest way to gain influence.

 
ü Check your motives before you lead in anything.


ü The issue is not prioritizing our scheduling, but schedules our priority.

 
ü Influencing followers is addition is addition, influencing leaders is multiplication


ü Keep first things first, distraction is the enemy of direction.


ü Leaders must touch a heart before they ask for a hand.


ü A divided leader produces a divided nation.


ü Passion and conviction mark the difference between a great leader and mediocre.


ü Principles, not emotions, should guide your leadership

Thursday, 25 July 2013

RELATIONSHIP TIPS –



HOW TO KEEP GOOD RELATIONSHIP AND FAMILY TOGETHER.
ü  Strive for balance, setting reasonable boundaries to protect your marriage, while remaining cooperative with the other parent to the extent possible.
ü  Love peace and maintain peace all the time.
ü  Be truthful, trustworthy and have the fear of God in you at all times.
ü  Deal with all matters with utmost carefulness and sincerity of heart.
ü  Be patience, slow to speak and quick to hear.
ü  Have a big heart, be tolerable and care for all.
ü  Treat everybody in your family equally.
ü  Be concern, feel what they feel and never feel unconcern.
ü  Always contribute your quota, no matter how small.
ü  Never speak badly of your husband, wife or either family in the presence of any family member or in the presence of the children.
ü  Avoid scheduling activities for your children when they need to spend the time with other children or family member.
ü  If you cannot adjust the time, get permission from them.
ü  Always welcome either family member with warmth and affection when they come calling.
ü  Always lend a helping hand
ü  Set a consistent rule and discipline in your family and let it applied to everybody living with you, let there be no exception.
ü  Don’t be hard in correcting any member of your family, either adult or children, let the affection come naturally and try to build a mutual understanding with them.
ü  Tell your relatives and friends about your commitment to your family.
ü  Explain politely how hurt the children will be if they are passed or ignore when it comes to attention and other kindnesses.
ü  Try to let grand parents have place in your children’s lives.
ü  Identify the relative or friend with whom you have the most difficult relationship, and then discuss with your hubby how you can improve that relationship.
ü  Identify your spouse’s area of weakness and offer to help.
ü  Love your in-laws like your own family members.
ü  Love your mother in-laws like your own mother.

ü  Learn to pray together with your family, and include your in-laws whenever they are around.

IS GOD CRUEL? - Part 1


Some do ask this question and some do wonder whether God is cruel or they assume that he is. Why?
Some people who survive natural disaster ask; “Why does God allow these things to happen? Is he in-different? Or is he cruel?” Others are similarly troubled when reading the Bible. They come upon such accounts as the one about Noah and the Flood, and they wonder, ‘why would a loving God put all those people to death? Is He cruel?’
Do such questions occur to you at times? Or do you find yourself unable to give an answer to those who wonder if God is cruel? In either case, consider a different question that may help.

WHY DO WE HATE CRUELTY?
We simply hate cruelty because we have a sense of right and wrong. We differ greatly from animals in that respect; our creator made us in His image, what does that mean? He gave us the capacity to reflect his qualities and moral standards, his sense of right and wrong. Consider this: If we received our sense of right and wrong from God and we tend to hate cruelty, does that not suggest that God hates it too?

The scriptures confirm such logic, for in the scriptures, God assures us that “His ways are higher than our ways, and His thoughts than our thoughts”. If we were to judge God to be cruel, would we not be stating the opposite, in effect saying that our ways are higher than His ways? It would surely be wise to gather more facts before taking such a stand. Perhaps we should ask, not whether God is cruel, but some of his actions may appear to be cruel.